How to properly care for your oral cavity - advice from professionals

A person grows and lives in society, so it is necessary to take into account generally accepted norms. For example, with the following: rules of behavior, etiquette, hygiene. Compliance with the norms allows a person to live a full life, while following, for example, hygiene rules helps to strengthen and maintain one’s health.

Personal hygiene – what is it? This is one of the sections of general hygiene, the study of which is aimed at preserving and strengthening human health. Performing hygiene procedures destroys the microbes present, which leads to a decrease in the likelihood of disease occurring.

Hygiene items

Personal hygiene – what is it? This is a set of rules, the observance of which will help maintain and prolong health. To carry out hygiene procedures you need to have individual items. These include:

• towel;
• soap;
• washcloth;
• Toothbrush;
• razor;
• manicure set;
• comb;
• facial skin care complex: cream, lotion, tonic, scrub, mask;
• hair clipper;
• decorative cosmetics;
• deodorants, antiperspirants.

The use of the presented items helps a person easily carry out hygiene procedures that are aimed at keeping the body clean, which will help avoid possible diseases.

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Of course, personal hygiene is an integral part of a healthy lifestyle, part of a person’s general culture.

Find the information you need and solve the problem. Teenagers often do not understand what home hygiene is. Their parents tell them about this, unfortunately, very often. Read several parent monologues on this topic. Monologue one: “My daughter’s room is a mess, her clothes are lying on the floor next to juice bottles and candy wrappers. She wants to be a beauty, but this “beauty” washes once a week. All things are piled up on the bed: cosmetics, clothes, bag. So what should I do?

Monologue two: “In my son’s room, textbooks, chip packets, leftovers, and dirty dishes are scattered on the table. A dump periodically forms under the sofa, where socks and much more are “hidden”. The only way to get him to clean his room is to take away his computer.”

What advice would you give to these parents? How to explain to teenagers the need for home hygiene?

Find the information you need and answer the question. Read in the text of the paragraph about the components of personal hygiene and give examples of hygiene procedures that correspond to these components.

You can read more about the ancient Greek goddess of health Hygieia in the additional material to the paragraph on the website.

Hygiene procedures

Since childhood, you have been familiar with such hygienic procedures as washing your hands before eating, and you know how to brush your teeth. All this is important for you today. But you are already teenagers, your body is changing, maturing. What are the features of hygiene at this age?

Firstly, as a result of hormonal changes in the body of adolescents, the sweat glands work more actively. Sweat quickly acquires a strong odor due to the growth of bacteria in it. Therefore, it is advisable for teenagers to shower twice a day - morning and evening. You can use deodorants, but remember that deodorant can only be applied to clean skin. In addition, you need to change your underwear every day: shirts, T-shirts, T-shirts, panties, socks.

Secondly, adolescents often have increased secretion of the sebaceous glands, which can cause the appearance of acne and ulcers, mainly on the face and back. Teenagers should take proper care of their skin, and if serious problems arise, promptly contact a dermatologist.

Thirdly, dandruff may appear in adolescence, which is also associated with changes in the functioning of the sebaceous glands of the scalp. In order to get rid of it, you should consult a specialist.

In addition, during adolescence, the body's hormonal levels change, which is why hair begins to grow on the teenager's body. You need to learn how to use a shaving machine, select cosmetics for shaving, and do not forget about armpit hygiene.

A general hygiene plan for teenagers could be like this:

• shower every day (preferably twice a day);

• washing your hair according to your hair type;

• brushing your teeth twice a day;

• change of underwear and socks every day.

Personal hygiene requirements

Let's look at the basic principles of each area of ​​personal hygiene.

Body hygiene:

1. Taking a shower on time. In the summer, this procedure must be performed daily. The result will be a reduction in germs and harmful microorganisms on the human body, which will reduce the risk of disease.
2. Hands and nails must be kept clean. Pay special attention to your nails, as a large number of harmful microbes can accumulate under them.
3. Keep your feet clean, wash them daily.

Hair hygiene:

1. Wash your hair whenever it gets dirty. It is not recommended to use hot water, as there is a possibility of increased sebum production on the scalp, which will lead to poor rinsing of the shampoo from the hair.
2. Select hair cosmetics according to your hair type.
3. At the end of washing, rinse your hair in cool water.
4. Do not use a hair dryer for drying.
5. If necessary, apply a hair mask.
6. Have your own comb.

Oral hygiene:

• A toothbrush is an individual item for everyone.
• Brush your teeth 2 times a day: in the morning and before bed.
• Rinse your mouth after every meal.
• Visit the dentist once every six months.

Hygiene of underwear, clothing, shoes:

• keep clothes and shoes clean;
• change underwear daily;
• do not give your personal clothes to anyone and do not use someone else’s;
• dress according to weather conditions;
• choose clothes from high-quality natural fabrics.

Bed hygiene:

• change bed linen promptly;
• have clothes for sleeping;
• there should be clean and fresh air in the bedroom;
• maintain optimal humidity conditions;
• the sleeping place should be convenient and comfortable.

ARTICLES ABOUT HYGIENE

Hygiene as a science is a very broad concept that covers almost all aspects of people's lives. The word “hygiene” comes from the Greek hygienos, which means “bringer of health.” There are a lot of definitions of hygiene, but, perhaps, they all mean one thing: hygiene is the science of improving and maintaining human health .

Hygiene includes many sections, such as: food hygiene, hygiene of children and adolescents, occupational hygiene, sports hygiene, personal hygiene, municipal hygiene, environmental hygiene, military hygiene, etc. Since the topic of the site is completely included in the concept of “Hygiene”, for ease of understanding in this section of the site we will cover only the topic of Personal Hygiene.

Personal hygiene is a set of rules for human behavior at home and at work. In a narrow sense, hygiene is the hygienic maintenance of the body, clothing and household items. Violations of personal hygiene requirements can affect the health of both one person and very large groups of people (enterprise teams, families, members of various communities, and even residents of entire regions).

RULES OF PERSONAL HYGIENE

1. Body hygiene. Human skin protects the entire body from all kinds of environmental influences. Keeping the skin clean is extremely important, because in addition to its protective function, it performs the following functions: thermoregulatory, metabolic, immune, secretory, receptor, respiratory and other functions.

• Wash daily with warm water. The water temperature should be 37-38 degrees, i.e. slightly above normal body temperature. Up to 300 g of fat and up to 7 liters of sweat are released through the human skin per week. To ensure that the protective properties of the skin are not impaired, these secretions must be washed off regularly. Otherwise, favorable conditions are created on the skin for the proliferation of pathogenic microbes, fungi and other harmful microorganisms.

• It is necessary to take water procedures (bath, shower, sauna) using a washcloth at least once a week.

• Keep your hands and nails clean. Exposed skin areas are especially susceptible to contamination. Dirt containing pathogenic microbes can get from your hands into your mouth through food. Dysentery, for example, is called the disease of dirty hands. Hands should be washed before using the toilet and always after using the toilet, before and after eating, and after contact with animals (both street and domestic). If you are on the road, then you need to wipe your hands with a damp cloth to eliminate at least some germs.

• Feet should be washed every day with cool water and soap. Cold water reduces sweating.

2. Hair hygiene. Proper care of the scalp and hair normalizes the activity of the sebaceous glands, and also improves blood circulation and metabolic processes. Therefore, the hair washing procedure must be taken responsibly.

• The hair must be washed as soon as it gets dirty. It is impossible to say the exact number of times. The frequency of hair washing depends on various factors: hair length, hair and scalp type, nature of work, time of year, etc. In winter, as a rule, you wash your hair more often, because a hat does not allow the scalp to breathe, which is why much more sebum is released than usual.

• Do not wash your hair with hot water. Hair can become very oily as hot water activates the sebaceous glands. In addition, such water helps detergents (soaps and shampoos) settle on the hair in the form of a gray coating that is difficult to wash off.

• Be careful when choosing hair care products (shampoos, balms, lotions, etc.). Hair absorbs water very well, and with it substances that can harm the hair, scalp and the body as a whole.

• After rinsing, it is useful to rinse your hair with cool water.

• It is advisable to dry your hair after washing with a warm towel, and then let your hair air dry. It is not advisable to use a hairdryer because it dries your hair very much.

• When combing your hair, it is unacceptable to use other people's combs.

3. Oral hygiene. Proper oral care helps keep teeth in good condition for many years, and also helps prevent many diseases of internal organs.

• You need to brush your teeth every morning and evening.

• It is unacceptable to use another person's toothbrush.

• After eating, be sure to rinse your mouth.

• If you notice the first signs of tooth or gum disease, contact your dentist immediately.

• Visit your dentist at least twice a year for routine checkups.

4. Hygiene of underwear, clothing and shoes. The cleanliness of our clothes plays an important role in personal hygiene. Clothing protects the human body from pollution, mechanical and chemical damage, cooling, insects, and so on.

• Underwear must be changed after each wash, i.e. every day.

• Socks, knee socks, stockings, tights are changed daily.

• Clothes must be washed regularly.

• It is unacceptable to wear someone else's clothes and shoes

• Clothing and shoes must match the climatic conditions.

• It is advisable to give preference to clothes made from natural fabrics and shoes made from natural materials.

• The cut of clothing and shoes must take into account anatomical features and correspond to the size of the person.

For more information, see the article “Clothing Hygiene”.

5. Bed hygiene.

• Each family member should have their own towel and their own bed.

• Bed linen must be changed weekly.

• The sleeping place should be comfortable.

• Before going to bed, it is necessary to ventilate the sleeping area.

• Before going to bed, it is recommended to change your underwear to a nightgown or pajamas.

• Try not to allow pets on the bed.

And a little more about hygiene:

Child hygiene

The personal hygiene of the child is laid down by the parents. At first, adults perform all hygiene procedures for the baby themselves, and as the child grows older, he begins to do them on his own.

When a child becomes a teenager, he should automatically follow the basic principles of hygiene: wash his face, brush his teeth in the morning and evening, wash himself, keep his clothes and shoes clean. However, you need to know that there is personal hygiene. What's happened? These are the principles that must be followed to strengthen and maintain your health.

These include:

• properly organized activities and rest;
• a full night's sleep, at least 9 hours;
• playing sports;
• balanced diet.

Personal hygiene of a schoolchild. Lecture “Personal hygiene rules for schoolchildren”

Guldana Lecture “Personal Hygiene Rules for Schoolchildren”

“Personal hygiene rules for schoolchildren”

1 Wash your face in the morning and evening, use personal hygiene products.

2 Brush your teeth for at least 3 minutes. Your toothbrush should not be too soft.

3 Always wash your hands before eating, after walking and using the toilet. When using the toilet

Students must maintain cleanliness and order, observe the rules of personal hygiene.

4 Always have a clean handkerchief or disposable wipes.

5 For food, use only your own dishes, do not take dirty plates, spoons, cups.

6 Use disposable cups to drink water. Don't leave used ones

cups, throw them in the trash.

7 Keep your clothes and shoes clean.

8 Do not wear the same shoes on the street, at school and at home. Wear a soft one at home

house shoes; for sports activities, use sports shoes.

9 Help the teacher and those on duty in maintaining order in the classroom, help your family in

home cleaning.

10 An important element of personal hygiene is the correct organization of the daily routine. It is determined by the alternation of various types of activity and rest, promotes

maintaining performance throughout the day and preventing fatigue. Failure to comply with the daily routine leads to the development of serious diseases. Adolescents who do not follow a daily routine experience delays in mental and physical development. Maintaining a daily routine is not only a condition for the formation of good mental and physical health, but also the development of a stereotype of behavior during work and rest. Follow your daily routine!

A daily routine is a rational distribution of time for all types of activities and rest during the day. Its main goal is to ensure high performance throughout the entire waking period.

The regime is built on the basis of the biological rhythm of the body’s functioning.

For example, an increase in efficiency is observed from 11 to 13 hours.

The second rise at 16-18 hours is of lower intensity and duration.

The main elements of a schoolchild's daily routine are: educational activities at school and at home, active recreation with maximum exposure to the fresh air, regular and adequate nutrition, physiologically adequate sleep, free activity of individual choice.

During the school period, the child experiences growth processes and complex restructuring

metabolism, activity of the endocrine system, brain, these processes are associated with the final maturation and formation of an adult.

The diet of schoolchildren depends on the characteristics of schooling, the student’s workload, sports, social work and other factors.

An integral part of the schoolchildren's diet is hot meals, so hot meals should not be replaced with buffet products.

A student’s weekly routine should include:

taking a bath or visiting a sauna, cutting fingernails and toenails and cleaning the nail bed, cutting and washing hair.

Each child must have personal supplies: towels, toothbrush, washcloth, sponge, handkerchiefs, etc.

After bathing, you need to change your underwear and bed linen, and change your socks daily.

The student’s clothing should be clean, neat, light, appropriate to body size, time of year, weather, type of activity, protect from hypothermia and overheating, shoes should be soft, clean, separate for indoors and outdoors, and appropriate to the size of the foot.

Personal hygiene is taking care of your body and keeping it clean.

The skin protects the human body from disease. When a child runs, jumps and gets hot, beads of sweat appear on his skin. In addition, the skin has a thin layer of fat, sebum. If the skin is not washed for a long time, then oil and sweat accumulate on it, on which dust particles are retained. This makes the skin dirty, rough and no longer protects the body. Dirty skin can be harmful to health and, in addition, dirty, sloppy people are always unpleasant to everyone around them. Therefore, the skin needs to be washed and cared for.

Principles of personal hygiene in adolescents

The child attends school, studies a lot, and uses a personal computer. In this regard, it is necessary to pay attention to visual hygiene. Parents should limit the time spent at the computer, tablet, TV, and monitor the level of lighting when the child is studying.

Since a person’s personal hygiene is aimed at preserving and maintaining his health, one of the main components of this direction is proper nutrition. Parents should monitor the teenager so that he does not consume harmful foods, and at the same time monitor the presence of nutritious food at least three times a day.

The following basic principles of healthy eating for teenagers can be identified:

• eating at least three times a day;
• use fruits and vegetables in your diet;
• avoid snacking, eating chips, fast food, crackers;
• limit intake of flour and sweets;
• control the norms for obtaining vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances for the body.

Maintaining personal hygiene is the responsibility of every person. During adolescence, changes in usual hygiene procedures appear. At this age, hormonal levels change, which causes acne to appear on the face in both boys and girls. Therefore, personal hygiene of adolescents should include proper facial skin care: the use of lotions, tonics, masks, scrubs and other cosmetics that are selected individually for their skin type.

Boys begin to grow facial hair, so parents should buy their teenager a straight razor and teach them how to use it to avoid damaging their facial skin. Pay special attention to the hygiene of the genital organs of boys and girls.

How to brush your teeth correctly

In most cases, oral hygiene is carried out using a brush and paste. The algorithm for this method of dental care:

1. Squeeze a little paste (the size of a pea) onto the brush so that a large amount of foam does not interfere with the cleaning process.
2. Make smooth up and down movements with the brush Manipulations can effectively clean plaque from enamel. You should not move the instrument across the teeth, as this will cause food debris to clog into the interdental space.
3. Actions are performed from the front teeth, gradually moving to the lateral teeth. In the same sequence, the inner surface of the row is cleaned.
4. To treat the inside, you need to open your mouth wide and move the brush from top to bottom. If you are not careful about the procedure, caries may develop on the lateral surfaces of the elements.

On this topic

• Hygiene

Stages of proper teeth brushing

• Maria Konstantinovna Tevs
• September 30, 2020

Cleaning molars differs from cleaning the front teeth - the brush is carried out from the end of the row to the beginning.

At the final stages, perform the following actions:

• the interdental space is cleaned with floss;
• the mouth is rinsed with special solutions;
• hygiene products are thoroughly washed under running water;
• in the presence of dental pathologies, the mouth is additionally treated with water and lemon juice.

A procedure performed according to all the rules will not bring results if it is carried out irregularly. A prerequisite is 2 oral hygiene sessions.

With removable dentures, the rules of dental care change, since due to artificial materials the natural process of cleansing the oral cavity is disrupted and heat exchange changes.

Due to improper oral hygiene, soft tissues that become inflamed are primarily affected. They swell and become a source of unpleasant odor. Help prevent the problem:

• creams and pads for implants;
• powders with abrasive particles;
• brushes for cleaning dentures;
• additional means for artificial materials.

On this topic

• Hygiene

All about dental remineralization therapy

• Maria Konstantinovna Tevs
• September 30, 2020

In addition, when caring for dentures, the following should be used:

• toothpastes that help treat the space between teeth;
• brushes with soft bristles;
• dental floss;
• brush;
• tablets for determining plaque on teeth.

The set of measures for caring for prostheses includes:

• brushing teeth 2 times a day;
• rinsing the mouth with running water every time after eating;
• cleaning materials using antiseptic solutions;
• removing dentures at night

When processing dentures, special attention is paid to their inner surface, as well as to the areas where they come into contact with the gums.

Hygiene reminder

In the human body, the sweat and sebaceous glands continuously perform their work. Sweat and subcutaneous fat are constantly released onto the surface of the skin (everyone has a different amount), which must be removed regularly. Otherwise, a favorable environment is created for the spread of pathogenic microorganisms. Failure to comply with diet, work activity, sleep and wakefulness can provoke stress.

By violating hygiene standards, people risk contracting diseases that have a parasitic or infectious basis.

To prevent such troubles, you should follow basic rules.

Keep your body clean

To do this you need:

• Wash your hands with soap and water multiple times throughout the day and wash your feet daily.
• Shower daily, especially after sports training and other physical activities.
• Brushing your teeth with toothpaste and brush in the morning and evening. The rest of the time, use dental floss and toothpicks to clean the interdental spaces.
• Taking a weekly bath or washing in a sauna with a washcloth. It improves blood flow. Bed linen must be changed immediately.
• At least once a week, free your ears from accumulations of earwax. It is more convenient to do this using cotton swabs.
• Trim overgrown nails regularly.
• Wash your hair as it gets dirty, but at least once a week. The water should not be hot; the optimal temperature is approximately 55˚C. In order not to disturb the hair structure, you need to comb it after drying.

Keep your hands clean

Wash your hands with soap:

• After being on public transport, on sports and playgrounds;
• After each visit to the toilet;
• After being in places where many people gather;
• After cleaning the apartment;
• After working with the ground;
• After contact with animals;
• After holding banknotes in your hands;
• After performing procedures for cleaning the nose, interacting with a sick person.

Keep clothes and shoes clean

• Change your underwear every day. After water procedures, you need to put on fresh socks and underwear.
• Wash outerwear as soon as it gets dirty.
• Take care of your shoes. Insoles need to be changed periodically, as they can be a real breeding ground for microbes that cause fungus.

Hygiene standard

The definition of “hygiene standards” means a whole range of activities, which include:

1. Keeping your workplace or place of study clean.
2. Mandatory compliance with recommended standards of personal hygiene at home and in public places. These include sports complexes, swimming pools, toilets, etc.
3. Cleaning premises using cleaning agents and disinfectants.
4. Disposing of waste in specially designated areas.
5. Compliance with established hygiene rules during food preparation.
6. Maintaining the home in proper condition and landscaping the surrounding area.